Most of the larger supermarket chains carry out huge volumes of business, so they tend to be restocked every day. Because smaller grocery stores don't deliver their inventory as often, they tend to be restocked twice a week, usually on Tuesday and Friday. While this is typical, each store has its own schedule. The best way to know when your local store is receiving its deliveries is to simply ask.
That said, most stores get their deliveries on Tuesdays and all should be stocked by the middle of the week. Go to the grocery store on Tuesday if you want something fresh out of the truck, but Wednesday morning it should work just as well. Restock days may depend on whether your local store is a large or small business. The stores of the larger companies restock their products every day, while the smaller stores have a specific day of the week when they receive their fresh products.
Either way, it's best to ask an employee or store manager so you can get the right restock day straight from the source.